Through a series of historical contributions published on its website, the FMH – Swiss Medical Federation – retraces the key stages of its evolution: from its birth as a professional organization to the construction of an authoritative political voice, up to the contemporary challenges related to training and governance of the healthcare system.
From the origins to the construction of a professional community
The history of the FMH has its roots in the late 19th century, a time of profound social and scientific change. Medicine was gradually establishing itself as a modern scientific discipline, while the need for coordination among physicians working in different cantons was growing.
The association's founding responded to a dual need: first, to create a cohesive professional community; second, to define shared standards for the practice of the profession. From the beginning, the FMH has positioned itself as a guarantor of quality care and medical ethics, promoting a vision of the profession based on responsibility, independence, and competence.
Throughout the 20th century, the association accompanied the evolution of medicine, adapting to an increasingly complex environment. The introduction of new technologies, the expansion of specializations, and the population's rising expectations have progressively transformed the role of the physician and, consequently, that of their primary care organization.
Gaining the capacity for action: between professional politics and the healthcare system
A key aspect of the FMH's history has been its strengthening of its capacity for action. Initially focused on issues internal to the profession, the association has gradually assumed an increasingly active role in political debate and in defining health policies.
This process has not been linear. The FMH has had to confront internal tensions, divergences between disciplines and linguistic regions, as well as the evolution of the Swiss institutional framework. However, precisely through these challenges, the association has developed more effective governance tools, consolidating its legitimacy.
A crucial step forward was the commitment to regulating the conditions for practicing the profession, particularly through involvement in tariff issues and relationships with health insurers. In this context, the FMH has established itself as an essential partner, helping to define the delicate balance between quality of care, financial sustainability, and professional autonomy.
At the same time, the association has strengthened its role in representing physicians' interests, developing an increasingly structured advocacy capacity. This has allowed the FMH to significantly impact healthcare system reforms, while maintaining a patient-focused vision.
Between sovereignty in education and new challenges for the healthcare system
Another pillar of the FMH's work is medical education. The issue of "educational sovereignty"—that is, the role of physicians in defining the content and standards of training—has been a central theme for decades.
The FMH has played a key role in the development and regulation of postgraduate education, helping to ensure high quality and national consistency. However, this field has gradually been affected by external interventions, particularly by federal authorities and academic institutions.
Today, medical education is set in an increasingly complex context, requiring a balance between professional autonomy, academic demands, and the needs of the healthcare system. The FMH is called upon to uphold high standards while ensuring the system's ability to respond to the growing demand for care and the shortage of medical personnel.
These challenges are part of a broader framework characterized by economic pressures, demographic changes, and technological innovations. In this context, the FMH must continue to evolve, maintaining its identity and strengthening its leadership role.
A responsibility towards the future
125 years after its founding, the FMH presents itself as a key player in the Swiss healthcare system. Its history demonstrates a capacity for adaptation and leadership that has enabled the medical profession to navigate profound transformations without losing its core values.
Looking to the future, the FMH remains committed to combining quality care, professional autonomy, and system sustainability. In an era marked by uncertainty and rapid change, the association is called upon to further strengthen its role, promoting a form of medicine that serves patients and society.
The 125th anniversary, therefore, is not only a moment of celebration, but also an invitation to continue with determination along the path we have undertaken: that of a strong, responsible, and far-sighted medical profession.
The FMH Central Committee will celebrate its 125th anniversary in Ticino, hosted by the President of the Ticino Medical Association, Dr. med. Franco Denti, from June 16 to 18, 2026.
